Which of the following is NOT a typical component of administrative law?

• A. Rules and regulations
• B. Applications
• C. Decisions
• D. Statutory law enacted by the legislature

Answer: (D)

Administrative law deals with how agencies create binding rules, process applications for permits or licenses, and issue decisions in adjudicatory actions within the framework of the laws that empower them. The element that does not fit as a typical administrative-law component is statutory law enacted by the legislature. Laws created by lawmakers establish the broad framework and authority for agency action, but they are not actions carried out by administrative agencies themselves. The agencies operate under these statutes and implement them through rules, applications, and decisions, whereas the statutes themselves originate from the legislative process rather than administrative proceedings.